FDA Proposes Transportation Rule as Part of FSMA

 FDA released their proposed rule for Sanitary Transportation of Food as part of FSMA.  This rule applies, with a few exceptions, to any who transport food that will be consumed in the U.S.  Exemptions exist small companies (less than $500,000 in sales) and those who transport shelf-stable foods that are protected by a container (i.e. canned low-acid foods).

 As part of the rule, equipment will need to designed and maintained so it does not cause food contamination, measures are taken to prevent contamination of food during transport (i.e. temperature control, separation of food from non-food items), records to show temperature control and proper cleaning between loads, training of personnel engaged in the transportation of food, and maintenance of written procedures and records.

 

FDA News Release

Proposed Rule on Sanitary Transportation of Human and Animal Food

 

http://www.fda.gov/Food/NewsEvents/ConstituentUpdates/ucm383900.htm

 

January 31, 2014

 

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today proposed a rule that would require certain shippers, receivers, and carriers who transport food by motor or rail vehicles to take steps to prevent the contamination of human and animal food during transportation. Part of the implementation of the Sanitary Food Transportation Act of 2005, the proposal marks the seventh and final major rule in the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act’s (FSMA) central framework aimed at systematically building preventive measures across the food system.

 

The proposed regulation would establish criteria for sanitary transportation practices, such as properly refrigerating food, adequately cleaning vehicles between loads, and properly protecting food during transportation.

Jensen brothers sentenced for selling Listeria-contaminated cantaloupes that killed 33 people

The Jensen brothers were sentenced to five years' probation, including six months in home detention and a ordered to pay $150,000 in restitution in connection with the selling Listeria-contaminated cantaloupes that killed 33 people.

 

At sentencing, cantaloupe growers apologize for deadly listeria outbreak
http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/28/justice/cantaloupe-listeria-deaths-sentencing/
By Ray Sanchez, CNN
updated 8:11 PM EST, Tue January 28, 2014

(CNN) -- A pair of Colorado farmers were sentenced Tuesday to five years' probation, including six months in home detention, for their role in a 2011 listeriosis outbreak that killed roughly three dozen Americans who consumed infected cantaloupe, according to the U.S. Attorney's Office.

Brothers Eric and Ryan Jensen, who grew up cultivating cantaloupes on Jensen Farms, a fixture in the dry plains of southeastern Colorado since the early 1900s, also were sentenced to 100 hours of community service and ordered to pay $150,000 in restitution in connection with the deadliest food outbreak in the United States in nearly 100 years.

Each apologized in court to the victims' families.

Cat food recalled due to the Salmonella contamination

 PMI Nutrition is recalling its Red Flannel Cat Food after product tested positive for Salmonella.  The testing was conducted by FDA.

While there can be risk to the pet, the bigger risk is to the consumers who are handling the Salmonella-contaminated pet food.

This product was produced for PMI by a contract manufacturer.



FDA News Release
PMI Nutrition, LLC Recalls Red Flannel® Cat Food Due to Possible Salmonella Contamination
 http://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm383066.htm

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE - January 25, 2014 - PMI Nutrition, LLC (PMI), Arden Hills, Minn., has initiated a voluntary recall of its 20 lb. bags of Red Flannel® Cat Formula cat food for possible Salmonella contamination. There have been no reports of illness related to this product to date. This recall is being issued out of an abundance of caution after routine testing by the FDA Detroit District Office identified possible Salmonella contamination.

FDA to update nutritional panels

 The FDA is looking to update the nutritional panel on food labels.  

Surely, the current label can use a few changes…..such as the labeling serving size. Did you ever wonder why a bottle of soda (‘pop’ for you Yinzers) has two servings? This should be corrected.

Getting rid of grams?….I guess the metric system conversion attempt is over.

Also, studies have shown that people only look at the top part of the label, primarily the calorie content, and rarely venture much further down the label.  So put the important stuff at the top, and the other stuff further down where the food geeks still get what they want.

But who is to decide what is important.  There is no doubt that there will be many opinions regarding what is important for people to know about the food they are about to purchase.  Do we let the consumers decide on what they want to see?  But do those consumers reading the label really know what is most important to look for on a product?

 Of course there are the people who want to know everything about that food....GMOs, natural versus added (unnatural) sugar,  etc.  It can easily get out of control on what certain people may want to see, while the majority of people never make it beyond calories.

Of course the processor is the one that will have to redo all the labels in order to comply with new regulations.  Whether a big company or a small establishment, the company will need to pay to redo and replace all their labels.  And they will need to pay for any added analytics that may need to be provided.

So if change has to come, hopefully it is done right.



FDA Wants to Update Food Labels
Goal is a better informed public
US News and World Report January 24, 2014
http://health.usnews.com/health-news/news/articles/2014/01/24/fda-wants-to-update-food-labels

By Mary Brophy Marcus
HealthDay Reporter

FRIDAY, Jan. 24, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- America's food labels may get their first makeover in more than 20 years.

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the agency is working toward publishing proposed rules to update nutrition labels and serving size information. 

The agency says its aim is "to improve consumer understanding and use of nutrition information on food labels," according to the FDA.

Norovirus outbreak on cruise ship, Over 600 people ill

A Royal Caribbean cruise ship returned to port early as an outbreak of norovirus caused 577 of the passengers (out of 3050 on board) and 49 of the crew to become ill.

Symptoms of norovirus infection include vomiting and diarrhea as well as nausea, stomach pains, headache, fever, and body pain.  The symptoms can last from one to several days.  The vomiting can often be described as acute onset vomiting, which means that as soon as you feel like you have to vomit, you vomit...and that can be anywhere you are standing or sitting, including the dinner table.  This is one reason it can be spread so easily within a captive group of people, such as on a cruise ship.  The virus can be aerosolized on the vomitus particles as it leaves the person's mouth

Another reason is that the virus is stable on surfaces unless that surface is effectively sanitized.  So it can get onto people's hands, onto food, onto dinner tables, and unless properly cleaned and sanitized, it will remain there until it is transferred to another's hands or to a food item.

People can continue to shed the virus even after the symptoms have subsided.  So hand washing continues to be a must.

The cruise ship industry has gone to great measures to prevent such outbreaks.  Constant cleaning and quarantining sick people are standard practices.  However once the illness gets to a critical mass, it can be next to impossible to control, and that is what appears to have happened here.

This cruise ship will need to undergo extensive cleaning and sanitizing before returning to service.  Residual virus-containing vomit not cleaned can serve as the source for the next outbreak.   And with that many people reported as being ill, you can imagine the amount of yuck laying around the place.


Cruise ship heads home after illness outbreakMary Beth Marklein @mbmarklein, USA TODAY 11:35 a.m. EST January 27, 2014

http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/01/27/illness-outbreak-on-cruise-ship/4936777/

More 600 passengers and crew have experienced gastrointestinal symptoms.

 A Royal Caribbean cruise ship is headed back to New Jersey two days early after an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness spiked over the weekend, the cruise line says.

A report posted online by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says 577 of the ship's 3,050 passengers, or 18.9%, and 49 of 1,165 crew, or 4.2%, reported symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea during the voyage.

In Japan, man arrested in frozen food conatamination case; over 2800 ill

In Japan, a man was arrested for contaminating frozen food products with the pesticide malathion. The deliberate contamination resulted in over 2800 becoming ill, many of them children. The company was forced to recall over 6 million units of frozen food including frozen pizza and lasagna. It is suspected that the perpetrator added the contaminate immediately before the packaging process. 9 products are reported as having been contaminated.

It is interesting in that, according the news reports, that the company had restrictions on bringing personal items into the production area....so much so, that one person, according the news reports, was astonished that someone was able to get the chemical out on the floor. He also worked as part of a team when on the production floor - there were 4 people assigned to the crust area including the accused.

Another interesting note is that the President of the company as well as the President of the subsidiary will resign in March due to this incident. Salaries of these and other top officials will be cut for a period of time.

The accused is reported as being a contract worker, although he worked at the same facility for 8 years.

This case shows the amount of damage one person can cause through deliberately contaminating food, especially considering it occurred in what appears to be a facility with decent controls.



Arrest made over tainted frozen food
http://the-japan-news.com/news/article/0000973903
Japan NewsMonday, January 27, 2014

The Yomiuri Shimbun

A man in his late 40s was arrested on Saturday on suspicion of obstructing business by lacing frozen foods with a pesticide at a major food maker’s subsidiary plant in the town of Oizumi, Gunma Prefecture.

The man, Toshiki Abe, 49, is a contract employee working at the plant of AQLI Foods Corp., a subsidiary of Maruha Nichiro Holdings Inc., police said.

Investigators detected malathion on clothes he wore at the plant. He had been missing since Jan. 14, but was discovered in Saitama Prefecture on Friday.

Colorado's New Food Safety Challange - POT!

With the passing of the law to make marijuana legal , Colorado must now address issues associated with legalization including regulations impacting food safety. Food safety comes into play because THC, the psychoactive component, can be added to a number of different products including pastries, cookies, and candies. So what hazards are associated with the plant and within the process of making these products? How does one control dosage of THC? How should products be labeled?

Looking down the road, the potential exists for other states to pass legal status to marijuana. To what degree does this give Colorado companies a head start in the development, manufacture and distribution of pot and THC? By the time other states get into the game, the Colorado industry will be well developed, giving those existing companies a competitive advantage. Along with that, many of the legal food standards that are set will be established in Colorado.

Some have suggested that marijuana get the Federal okay for use, since it is considered GRAS...oops it is grass, not GRAS (generally recognized as safe).

 There was an outbreak of Salmonella associated with Marijuana in 1982 (below)

Colorado Imposes Food Safety Rules On Marijuana Industry
By Luke Runyon
http://kvnf.org/post/colorado-imposes-food-safety-rules-marijuana-industry
Fri January 24, 2014
kvnf.com

Colorado made history when it opened up licensed marijuana retail shops this year. Aside from just legalizing the purchase of smoke-able marijuana, it also means pot brownies have the potential to be big business.

Food products infused with marijuana’s psychoactive ingredient, THC, are available in stores across the state.

Marijuana, though, is still considered illegal by the federal government. The existing food safety system, which relies heavily on support from federal agencies, can’t ensure that marijuana-infused foods are safe.

Salmonella forms biofilm that increases resistance to disinfectants

A research study has shown that Salmonella forming biofilms increases the organisms ability to withstand disinfectants, especially as the biofilm ages. This study showed that 168 hour old biofilm increased the probability of survival against disinfectants compared to 48 hour old biofilms. They suggest that these biofilms can help Salmonella survive in facilities for long periods of time

Salmonella can be very difficult to remove from an establishment once it has become established. One study showed that a Salmonella strain survived for 10 years in a facility despite intensive cleaning and decommissioning of contaminated equipment. Two recent outbreaks in the US ultimately resulted in the shuttering of operations after those facilities were not able to eliminate Salmonella from the environment.

Biofilms may only be part of the answer. Aged bacterial cells may have increased resistance. We know that Salmonella has survived in products like peanut butter for months. We know that in dry products, Salmonella has increased heat resistance. For example, almonds roasted in oil require a process of 1.6 minutes at a temperature of 260ºF to achieve a 4 log kill.
Food processors beware: Salmonella biofilms incredibly resistant to powerful disinfectants

Phys.org.com 1/15/14
http://phys.org/news/2014-01-food-processors-beware-salmonella-biofilms.html#jCp

Once Salmonella bacteria get into a food processing facility and have an opportunity to form a biofilm on surfaces, it is likely to be extraordinarily difficult, if not impossible, to kill it, according to research published ahead of print in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

Researchers from National University of Ireland, Galway conducted a study in which they attempted to kill Salmonella biofilms on a variety of hard surfaces, using three types of disinfectant.

"We found that it was not possible to kill the Salmonella cells using any of the three disinfectants, if the biofilm was allowed to grow for seven days before the disinfectant was applied," says Mary Corcoran, a researcher on the study. Even soaking the biofilms in disinfectant for an hour and a half failed to kill them

Tyson recalls mechanically seperated chicken meat due to the potential for Salmonella

Tyson Foods is recalling 33.840 pounds of mechanically separated chicken products due to the potential for contamination by Salmonella Heidelberg. This is institutional use product – 10 lb. chubs / 40 lb. cases.

The issue was discovered after seven inmates in a Tennessee correctional facility become ill with two requiring hospitalization.

Mechanically separated meat (MSM) is meat that is recovered from the bone through the use of a machine that presses the carcass against a screen or sieve, allowing the meat to be separated from the bone. The recovered meat has the appearance of a paste. This product can be reformed to make items such as chicken nuggets, or added to make chicken sausage or hot dog products.

Being a raw meat product, it has the potential to carry pathogens that are inherently present on the poultry including Salmonella and Campylobacter. USDA testing indicates that the level of Salmonella and Campylobacter tend to be high in this product type, mostly due to increased handling.

It is a low cost protein product…think sustainability or increased utilization.  It is easy to see why this cheaper source of meat product is utilized by the correctional facilities, but now will there need to be consideration for pre-cooking or irradiating this product?


USDA News Release
Missouri Firm Recalls Mechanically Separated Chicken Products Due To Possible Salmonella Heidelberg Contamination
Class I Recall 001-2014
Health Risk: High Jan 10, 2014

Congressional and Public Affairs
Felicia Thompson
(202) 720-9113
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/recalls-and-public-health-alerts/recall-case-archive/archive/2014/recall-001-2014-release


WASHINGTON, Jan. 10, 2014 – Tyson Foods, Inc. a Sedalia, Mo., establishment, is recalling approximately 33,840 pounds of mechanically separated chicken products that may be contaminated with a Salmonella Heidelberg strain, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced today.

The mechanically separated chicken products were produced on Oct. 11, 2013. The following products are subject to recall:

40-lb. cases, containing four, 10-lb. chubs of “TYSON MECHANICALLY SEPARATED CHICKEN.” 

The products subject to recall bear the establishment number “P-13556” inside the USDA mark of inspection with case code 2843SDL1412 – 18. These products were shipped for institutional use only, nationwide. The product is not available for consumer purchase in retail stores.

FSIS was notified of a Salmonella Heidelberg cluster of illnesses on Dec. 12, 2013. Working in conjunction with the Tennessee Department of Health (TDH), FSIS determined that there is a link between the mechanically separated chicken products from Tyson Foods and the illness cluster in a Tennessee correctional facility. Based on epidemiological and traceback investigations, seven case-patients at the facility have been identified with illnesses, with two resulting in hospitalization. Illness onset dates range from Nov. 29, 2013 to Dec. 5, 2013. FSIS continues to work with TDH on this investigation and will provide updated information as it becomes available.    

Consumption of food contaminated with Salmonella can cause salmonellosis, one of the most common bacterial foodborne illnesses. The most common symptoms of salmonellosis are diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever within 12 to 72 hours after eating the contaminated product. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days. Most people recover without treatment. In some persons, however, the diarrhea may be so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalized. Older adults, infants, and persons with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop a severe illness. Individuals concerned about an illness should contact their health care provider.

FSIS advises all consumers to safely prepare their raw meat products, including fresh and frozen, and only consume poultry products that has been cooked to a temperature of 165 °F. The only way to confirm that poultry products are cooked to a temperature high enough to kill harmful bacteria is to use a food thermometer that measures internal temperature, http://1.usa.gov/1cDxcDQ.

Consumers with questions about the recall should contact Tyson Foods’ consumer relations department at 866-886-8456. Media with questions should contact Worth Sparkman, Tyson Foods’ public relations manager, at 479-290-6358.

Consumers with food safety questions can "Ask Karen," the FSIS virtual representative available 24 hours a day at AskKaren.gov or via smartphone at m.askkaren.gov. The toll-free USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline 1-888-MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) is available in English and Spanish and can be reached from l0 a.m. to 4 p.m. (Eastern Time) Monday through Friday. Recorded food safety messages are available 24 hours a day. The online Electronic Consumer Complaint Monitoring System can be accessed 24 hours a day at: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/reportproblem.