FDA Conducts Pathogen survey on Sprouts

FDA conducted a sampling of sprouts for pathogens in order to determine the prevalences of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 in sprouts. Seeds, finished product and spent irrigation water were tested.

The summary of the findings:

• Prevalence of Salmonella in the finished product sprouts to be 0.21 percent. 
• Prevalence of Salmonella in seeds (2.35%) and in spent irrigation water (0.54%)
• Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in the finished product to be 1.28 percent. 
• There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes based on point in the production process. 
• None of the samples tested positive for E. coli O157:H7
• Most of the positive samples at a small number of sprouting operations

From 1996 to July 2016, there were 46 reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States associated with sprouts. So while the prevalence is not high, because the fact that sprouts are especially vulnerable to pathogen contamination and growth "given the warm, moist and nutrient-rich conditions needed to grow them", sprouts are a risk for foodborne illness.......especially for high risk populations.  Salmonella and E.coli are more of an issue on incoming seeds, while Listeria would be more of a concern within the processing environment.

Going forward, FDA "intends to conduct a study at establishments that grow, harvest, condition, pack/re-pack, and/or supply seeds and beans for sprouting to gain insights on production practices, sanitation methods and manufacturing processes and to help the establishments achieve compliance in the event that insanitary conditions are observed".  "FDA also intends to inspect sprouting operations to ensure they are complying with the Produce Safety Rule and may continue to sample sprouts and the production environment"

FDA Release
https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/ComplianceEnforcement/Sampling/UCM566981.pdf
FY 2014 – 2016 Microbiological Sampling Assignment
Summary Report: Sprouts
Office of Compliance
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
August, 2017

CDC Report - 2016-2017 E.coli non-O157 Outbreak in Canada Associated with Flour

CDC issued a field note on the 2016-2017 E. coli non-O157 outbreak in Canada associated with flour.  In all, 29 people were infected in Canada and one in the US.   Robin Hood flour was the identified brand.  According to the report, "Eleven of these sixteen patients reported they ate or probably ate raw dough during their exposure period."  "Eight patients were hospitalized, and one developed hemolytic uremic syndrome. Clinical isolates were typed as E. coli O121:H19."

CDC MMWR
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6626a6.htm?s_cid=mm6626a6_e
Notes from the Field: An Outbreak of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli O121 Infections Associated with Flour — Canada, 2016–2017
Weekly / July 7, 2017

Canadian Produced Flour Recalled for E. coli O121

Smucker Foods of Canada is recalling flour produced at Ardent Mills in Saskatoon SK, Canada for the potential to be contaminated by E. coli O121.  Impacted product is packaged in 20 lb. paper bags and was distributed nationwide to 19 distributors and two small retailers.  There have been no reported illnesses in the US.

This recall relates to a Canadian recall issued in March.  This recall was expanded in April to include product produced by Ardent Mills.


FDA Recall Notice
https://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm561190.htm
Smucker Foods of Canada Corp. Announces a Voluntary Recall on Select Golden Temple®, Swad®, and Maya® Flour Products in the U.S. Due to Possible E. Coli 0121 Contamination
For Immediate Release
May 31, 2017

CDC Report - 2016 E.coli (STEC) Outbreak Linked to Stream Water Contaminated with Deer Feces

In May of 2016, 4 children became infected with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) after playing in a stream in a city park.  After an investigation, the likely source was determined to be deer poop (aka scat).  According to the report, "MLVA profiles were identical for the case-patient, water, and deer scat isolates".

The presence of E. coli in the water varied over time. Coyote scat also had E. coli of similar makeup..but this may be related to the fact the coyote is drinking that same water.  What this does show is that surface water is prone to contamination from animal feces and this contamination can be passed to humans directly through intake of that water or potentially through food irrigated with that water.

CDC - Emerging and Infectious Disease

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/7/17-0226_article
Contaminated Stream Water as Source for Escherichia coli O157 Illness in Children

Abstract

In May 2016, an outbreak of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli O157 infections occurred among children who had played in a stream flowing through a park. Analysis of E. coli isolates from the patients, stream water, and deer and coyote scat showed that feces from deer were the most likely source of contamination.

Canada - E.coli Outbreak Linked to Flour

In Canada, there have been 25 cases of E.coli infection linked to Robin Hood flour, with 6 of those cases requiring hospitalizations.  The CFIA found that the flour was contaminated with E. coli O121.

Don't eat raw dough.  Treat raw flour as though it can be potentially contaminated by cleaning it up from the counter or other surfaces.

For the hazard analysis, include E. coli and Salmonella as a hazard in flour (unless it is treated in some way.)

CBC News
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/flour-ecoli-sick-recall-robin-hood-brand-cfia-public-health-agency-1.4046011
25 illnesses in 4 provinces linked to E. coli-tainted Robin Hood flour
10-kilogram bags with best-before date of April 17, 2018, should be thrown out or returned

SoyNut Butter Company Recalls.....All SoyNut Butter and Granola Products

After initiating a recall last week in light of a dozen cases of E.coli O157:H7 infection, the SoyNut Butter Company is now recalling all soy butter and granola products in all sizes and all lot numbers.

Update - 3-10-17 Recall was updated to include Dixie Diner's Club products.  (How was this missed on expanded recall?)

FDA Recall Notice

https://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm545368.htm
The Soynut Butter Co Expands Recall to All I.M. Healthy Soynut Butters And I.M. Healthy Granola Because of Possible Health Risk
For Immediate Release
March 7, 2017

SoyNut Butter Recalled after Being Linked to E. coli O157:H7 Infections

 The SoyNut Butter Co is recalling 15 oz jars, individual serving cups, and tubs of its nut butter product after that product was linked to 12 cases of E. coli O157:H7 infection.  To date, 12 people have become ill.  Of the 9 people contacted, 9 had exposure to this product.


FDA Recall Notice
https://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm544976.htm
The Soynut Butter Co Recalls I.M. Healthy Original Creamy Soynut Butter Because Of Possible Health Risk
For Immediate Release
March 4, 2017

SoyNut Butter Being Linked to E.coli Outbreak

CDC is linking 12 cases of E. coli O157:H7 to a SoyNut Butter product by I. M. Healthy, an Illinois.  The cases have occurred in several states.  11 of the 12 are younger than 18.  Six people have been hospitalized and 4 have developed HUS, or hemolytic uremic syndrome.  If consumers have this brand of soynut butter, they are asked to not to consume it.

SoyNut butter starts with soy beans.  The beans are soaked and then roasted (baked or roasted in oil) The roasted soynuts are ground, blended with oil, and then put in jars.  The presence of E. coli in the product would indicate either an insufficient roasting process or post-process contamination.

CDC Outbreak Investigation
https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/2017/o157h7-03-17/index.html
Multistate Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infections Linked to I.M. Healthy Brand SoyNut Butter
Posted March 3, 2017 12:45PM EST

Veal Products Recalled Due to E. coli (STEC O103)

An Ohio establishment is recalling 40,680 lbs of boneless veal products after the Illinois State Department of Agriculture tested and found a positive non-0157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (E. coli O103) in a sample of product.  This volume is about 2 months of production.

USDA / FSIS Recall Notice
https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/recalls-and-public-health-alerts/recall-case-archive/archive/2017/recall-020-2017-release
Ohio Farms Packing Co. Ltd. Recalls Veal Products Due To Possible E. Coli O103 Contamination

CDC Report - 2016 Outbreak of Pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 Associated with Dough Mix

In this week's MMWR, CDC reviews the 2016 outbreak or E. coli O157:H7 associated with a dough mix.  There were 13 people in 9 different states who became ill.  Eight of those people were hospitalized, and two developed HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome - a condition that can lead to loss of kidney function). 8 of these individuals ate a desert pizza made iwht the mix while one other ate bread sticks made with that dough.

Government inspectors sampled 88 samples of the dough mix at the restaurants and 6 samples of the dry dough mix at the manufacturer and did not find this strain of E. coli, (although strains of  identified non-O157 STEC were found.)

Flour is a raw agricultural commodity, and while level of pathogens such as E. coli and Salmonella are normally very low, there are times when sufficient pathogens can be present to cause illness.  While it seems not one was affected from eating the pizza with this dough, the investigators felt that the thicker desert pizza may not have been cooked as thoroughly.  And when people spread flour on surfaces, such as when working dough, this flour may then get upon other foods.

It is important for not only consumers, but also foodservice operations to treat flour as potentially contaminated.  This means cooking dough thoroughly, cleaning up spilled flour as well as flour spread on surfaces so that it does not come in contact with ready-to-eat foods, and of course, not eating raw dough.

CDC - MMWR
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6603a6.htm?s_cid=mm6603a6_e
Notes from the Field: Multistate Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Infections Linked to Dough Mix — United States, 2016

Study - Restaurant Servers Poor At Communicating Risk of Undercooked Meat

A recent study shows that restaurant servers do a poor job in explaining the risks when customers order undercooked meat, specifically hamburgers.  The majority of servers (77 percent) gave customers unreliable information conveying the risks of undercooked meat.   As we know, raw hamburger can have pathogens such as E. coli STEC and Salmonella.  While it is the consumers choice to buy rare or medium rare hamburgers, they should understand the risk. 

In the end, informing customers helps the restaurant protect themselves from liability.   Just last year, an outbreak in Vermont occurred when a restaurant was purposely selling undercooked hamburgers.  Of course there is the case that was the impetus for enacting the regulation requiring HACCP regulations in meat operations - Jack in the Box.

Meatingplace
http://www.meatingplace.com/Industry/News/Details/70439
Study: Restaurants not good at explaining risks of undercooked meat to customers
By Michael Fielding on 12/9/2016

Jury Verdict of 7.55 Million Awarded Against Pumpkin Farm After Child Infected with E. coli

A jury awarded 7.55 million dollar verdict to a child who contracted an E.coli O57 infection that led to HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome) after visiting a MN farm / pumpkin stand in 2013.

From the news release:

"Dehn’s Pumpkins offers a Halloween attraction that is open to the public every year. In 2013, children were allowed to pet and feed cows that are raised on the property. Testimony at trial proved that on the day the child visited the facility, manure, contaminated bedding, and hay were in the enclosure where the cows were kept. Manure was also on the cows’ hides and hooves, and on the gate that separated the children from the animals."
"There were no handwashing stations, warning signs, or any other measures to prevent transmission of disease at the facility. The business owners claimed they had no idea that children could get sick by touching animals. They did not take preventive measures because they didn’t think the setting was a risk to children."
"The 10 year old girl went to the farm with her parents on the weekend of October 12 – 13, 2013 and got sick a few days later. At least seven people were sickened in that particular E. coli O157:H7 outbreak. The Minnesota Department of Health linked the illnesses to cows that were in the animal attraction at the farm. At least three of the case patients had bacterial isolates with the same DNA fingerprint."

While this is awful for the child, you have to think every a farm operation that has a petting area for farm animals is reading this and asking themselves if it is worth the risk.  At a minimum, it is important to have handwashing signage and an areas to wash hands.

Food Poisoning Bulletin
https://foodpoisoningbulletin.com/2016/pritzker-hageman-wins-7-55-million-verdict-for-child-with-hus-e-coli/
Pritzker Hageman Wins $7.55 Million Verdict for Child with HUS E. coli
November 23, 2016 by News Desk Leave a Comment

CDC Finalizes Investigation on E. coli (STEC O121) in Flour

CDC issued the final report on the E. coli STEC outbreak associated with flour.  The recall of the product was issued in May and then expanded in July.   While CDC expects more cases over time (as people may still have and use recalled flour), there have been 63 cases to date with 17 hospitalizations with one case of HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome).

 

 Dough is meant for cooking, not eating raw or playing with.  Unfortunately, there are those out there who will continue to eat raw dough (you know who you are).  But please don't pass this habit onto the youth.  One, they are at higher risk.  Two, if you are willing to get sick, then fine, but let's not make a new generation of raw dough eaters.  

  

CDC Outbreak Update

https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/2016/o121-06-16/index.html

Multistate Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli Infections Linked to Flour (Final Update)

Posted September 29, 2016 12:45PM EST

Organic Cheese Products Recalled After Linked to E. Coli Outbreak

Grassfield Cheese Company is recalling organic cheese products sold in Whole Foods and its own store in MI after the product was linked to an E. coli STEC outbreak where 7 people become ill.  Product was shipped into the Southeast and Midwest.

FDA Recall Notice
http://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm514967.htm
Grassfields Cheese Recall Affects Select Whole Foods Market Locations; Grocer Recalls Product from Cheese Departments

NH Firm's Ground Meat Recalled After Linked to E. coli Outbreak Cluster

A New Hampshire establishment is recalling ground beef after that beef was like to a cluster of 14 E. coli O157:H7 infections.  Onset dates ranged from June 15 to July 10, 2016.

With summer grilling season, this is a stark reminder to use a thermometer to ensure doneness of your ground beef.  There is no better way to ensure the adequacy of your grilling process in destroying this awful, harmful pathogen.   You know who you are....go buy a thermometer.

USDA News Release
http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/recalls-and-public-health-alerts/recall-case-archive/archive/2016/recall-065-2016-release
PT Farm, LLC Recalls Beef Products Due To Possible E. Coli O157:H7 Contamination

Two Flavored Cake Mixes Recalled by GM Due to Potential E. coli O121 Contamination

Two flavors of cake mix under the Betty Crocker brand have been added to the flour recall by General Mills.   Betty Crocker Delights Super Moist Party Rainbow Chip Cake Mix and Betty Crocker Delights Super Moist Carrot Cake Mix have been recalled due to the potential for the flour to contain E. coli O121, a STEC strain.

The baking process will eliminate the organism, but of course there are those who are prone to eat raw cookie dough or offer it to children (this is worse because children would be more susceptible to infection.  FDA issued an Advisory against eating raw cookie dough.


General Mills News Release
http://www.generalmills.com/en/News/NewsReleases/Library/2016/July/betty-crocker-mix-recall/07382396-c01d-4b3a-b86b-ce8b7e556641
Jul 11, 2016
Two flavors of Betty Crocker cake mix recalled

Consumers reminded not to consume uncooked cake batter or raw flour products

MINNEAPOLIS, Minnesota - Out of an abundance of caution, two flavors of Betty Crocker cake mix sold in the U.S. and one flavor sold in Canada have been added to General Mills’ previously announced flour recall from July 1, 2016. No illnesses reported to date have been connected to cake mix. No other General Mills or Betty Crocker mixes are included in this recall.

General Mills Flour Tests Positive for E. coli O121

FDA has confirmed that a sample of recalled General Mills flour has tested positive for E. coli O121.  This comes as General Mills is recalling 10 million pounds of flour after 38 people have gotten ill.

So if you have this flour, either dispose of it or return it if it has not been opened.


General Mills Website
http://www.generalmills.com/flour
Flour recall
Gold Medal, Gold Medal Wondra, and Signature Kitchens flour recalled due to possible E. coli O121 contamination

June 11
Update:
The FDA has alerted General Mills that it has confirmed one sample from our recalled flour has now tested positive for E. coli O121. The positive test was in flour from the recalled time period noted in the recall below:

Flour Recalled As Investigators Try to Link to E. coli Outbreak

General Mills is recalling 10 million pounds of raw flour as federal and state agencies are investing 38 occurrences of E.coli infections across 20 states between December 21, 2015, and May 3, 2016.  The specific type of E. coli is E. coli O121, a non-O157 STEC, that can cause bloody diarrhea, dehydration, and in more susceptible people, it can cause kidney damage.   In 2013, this organism was responsible for an outbreak linked to frozen chicken quesadilla, a product that required cooking.

The outbreak investigation showed that roughly half of the 38 people infected used flour, some of them stated using Gold Medal brand.  So far, the flour has not tested positive for the organism.

So how does E. coli get into flour?  Probably from the raw material.  One study looking at a large number of samples, found that 12.8% of flour samples found E. coli (not strain specific) in raw flour. 

Of course, if the products made from the flour are properly cooked, that cooking will destroy the organism. However, people do eat raw dough products, including cookie dough. Nestle raw cookie dough was involved in an E. coli outbreak in 2009 where people were probably eating raw cookie dough.   In a report of that incident, investigators were not able to find the actual source of the E. coli. And like that case, it is not likely that they will be able to find this strain of E. coli.From that report:

Despite extensive traceback and environmental investigations and testing by regulatory agencies and company A, the source and route of product contamination remains undetermined. Possible means of contamination include introduction of a contaminated ingredient during processing, a lapse in plant biosecurity measures, intentional contamination, or cross contamination with another food processed in the plant. Although the manufacturing plant is located in a rural area in the mid-Atlantic United States, investigators did not observe any obvious breach in biosecurity that would facilitate introduction of E. coli O157 into the facility from the outside. No significant food handling or safety violations were identified at the plant that could result in cross-contamination within the plant.

In the end, don't eat raw dough, including cookie dough.  Clean up as you go, washing up any spilt flour.




 FDA News Release
http://www.fda.gov/Safety/Recalls/ucm504235.htm
Gold Medal, Gold Medal Wondra, and Signature Kitchens Flour Recalled Due to Possible E. coli O121 Contamination

CDC Issues Final Report on Chipotle E. coli Outbreak

The CDC issued the final report indicating that there have been no further E. coli O26 illness associated with the outbreak.  Overall, 60 people were infected in 14 states with 22 requiring hospitalization.

 Chipotle has taken a beating, with it stock price dropping 33% over the past year.  It went up 4.8% on Monday.  Chipotle stated that it will close for a few hours (11AM to 3PM) on February 8th in order to do a company wide staff meeting where executives will answer questions.  This does not appear to be a food safety training event as much as it is an opportunity to let employees executives are engaged on food safety.
 

CDC Outbreaks

http://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/2015/O26-11-15/index.html

Multistate Outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26 Infections Linked to Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurants (Final Update)

Posted February 1, 2016 12:00 PM ET

A Second Outbreak of E. coli Associated with Chipotle is Being Investigated

The FDA and CDC are investigating a second outbreak of a different Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26 (STEC O26) that is being linked to Chipotle Mexican Grill restaurants during December 2015. Based on DNA fingerprinting, this outbreak is different that a larger E. coli outbreak which occurred in November as was primarily located in the northwestern part of the country (53 people in 9 states).   To this point, 5 people have become infected in this second outbreak. 

Unfortunately, most of the corrective actions for system improvements probably came after this second outbreak occurred.  But a point many have made is that more should have been done sooner.  Delayed reaction, due in part to an underestimation of the event, allowed more issue to occur in the meantime.  This now looks bad in that more issues are popping up after the big proclamation of a company wide food safety enhancement.

An interesting point in the NY Time article below is that there has been difficulty in tracking because of record keeping.

FDA Outbreak News Release
http://www.fda.gov/Food/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies/Outbreaks/ucm470410.htm
FDA Investigates Multistate Outbreak of E. coli O26 Infections Linked to Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurants

December 22, 2015
On this page:

• Update
• What is the Problem and What is Being Done About It?
• What are the Symptoms of E. coli O26?
• Who is at Risk?
• What Do Consumers Need To Do?
• Who Should be Contacted?
• Additional Information

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration along with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state and local officials are investigating an outbreak of E. coli infections.
Update: December 22, 2015

• The FDA, CDC, and state and local officials are investigating a second, more recent outbreak of a different, rare DNA fingerprint of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26 (STEC O26) linked to Chipotle Mexican Grill restaurants.
• The CDC reports that five people have been reported with the new variant of STEC O26 from a total of three states: Kansas (1), North Dakota (1), and Oklahoma (3).
• The Kansas and North Dakota cases ate at the same restaurant in Kansas. The three separate Oklahoma cases all ate at the same Chipotle restaurant.
• As of December 18, 2015, 53 people infected with the previously reported outbreak strain of STEC O26 have been reported from nine states: California (3), Illinois (1), Maryland (1), Minnesota (2), New York (1), Ohio (3), Oregon (13), Pennsylvania (2), and Washington (27).
• The epidemiologic evidence available at this time suggests that a common meal item or ingredient served at Chipotle Mexican Grill restaurants in several states is a likely source of both outbreaks.
• The investigations are still ongoing to determine what specific food is linked to illness. .